Hand-plow



(No Model.)

P. 1). GRAHAM.

HAND PLOW.

No. 394,918. Patented Dec. 18. 1888.

u. PEIERS. Pholo-Lnnographar. Wishingtun. n c.

limit: STATES PATENT Price,

PETER DUNLAP GRAHAM, OF CORI NNA, INDIANA.

HAN D-PLOW.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 394,918, dated December 18, 1888.

Application filed August 25, 1888.

To all whom it may concern.-

lle it known that I, PETER DUNLAP GRAHAM, of (lorunna, in the county of De Kalb and State of Indiana, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in llaiul-Plows; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use it, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to that class of implements usually known as hand-plows or garden-Mews; and it consists in the improved combinations and arrangements of parts hereinafter described and claimed.

The object of my invention is to provide a hand-plow in which the parts are adjustably connected in such a manner that. the supportlug-wheel may be raised or lowered, thus regulatin the depth at which the shovel or plow may enter the ground; to adjustably attach the handle in such a manner that it may be raised or lowered to suit the height and con vcnience ot' the operator; a plow in which the pitch of the starulard may be changed so as to cause the shovel to enter the ground either more or less slantingly, as the condition of the soil or the nature of the work desired to be :uuiannplished may require, and a plow which may be mainly and cheaply constructed of castings in such a manner as to secure adjustability, rigidity, and durability without excessive weight.

Referring to the drawings, Figure l is a side elevation which embodies my invention complete. Fig. 2 is a perspective of a plow, showing the parts detached.

A represents the staiulard, which will preferably be made in the form here shown. Should it be desired, however, to attach more than one shovel,any other suitable form may be adopted. The standard A, being made of sufficient width at the top, two apertures, I are formed at or near its upper end for the passage of the clamping-bolts U. Said apertures l-l are preferably made tla-ring or funnelshaped on both sides of the standard, as in this shape they maybe formed in the casting,

and no drilling is required.

Formed around. each of the openings B, on i Serial No. 233,784. (No model.)

both sides of the standard A, are circular depressions I) of sul'licicnt size to receive the circular faces of the rear ends of the connecting-bars F and of the lower ends of the handleplates G, to be attached thereto. The depressions I) are preferably formed with ratchets on their bottom surface, as shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings, corresponding ratchets being also formed on the circular faces of the con necting-bars F and of the hamllc-platcs G, as also shown in the drawings.

Iivoted or loosely connected to the hub of the supportingavheel II are the two connecting-bars F, of any desired length, and having their rear ends formed to turn inwardly a short distance to the rear of the wheel H, so as to meet on opposite sides of the standard A, is shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings. The connecting-bars F are provided at their rear ends with transverse apertures J, corresponding with the aperture ii in the standard A, at the point where they come together. A suitable clamping-bolt being inserted through said apertures, the parts are firmly bound together. The apertures J in the rear ends of the connecting-bars F are preferably formed flaring or funnel-shaped on their inner sides, as shown at I in Fig. 2 of the drawings, and terminating in a square hole on their outer sides, as shown at J. In this shape they may be formed in the casting, and no drilling is required. Square holes similarly formed are made in the front ends of the connecting-bars F for the passage of the bolt K, which passes through the hub of the wheel II.

The handle-plates G are formed as shown in the drawings, having circular faces formed on their inner sides at their front or lower ends, and being formed on their inner sides with a half-circular longitudinal groove, P, which extends to their rear or upper ends. The handle-plates G are also provided with apertures through. their lower ends for the passage of the clamping-bolt which secures them to the standard, as shown at 0 in Fig. 1, and are further provided with holes through their rear or upper ends to receive the bolt which binds them to the handle 0. All of the holes or apertures in the handle-plates G are made in the same shape and formed in the casting in the same manner as these dein position on opposite sides ol' the standard \\'hen the proper hiudiug' and (damping f A. holts are inserted,the handle and the handle-plates (i are seeured together and to i opei'tings I; 1 wheel II, and eonueeting-hars the standard A, as shown in Fig. l ot the drawings.

From the eonstruetion herein shown and deserihed it will he seen that when the nut l with rosettodis'ks to tit each side of the Serrated-standard opening: and to adjustthereon,

on the elan1pingr-holtt whieh passes through the rear ends ol the eonneeting-l1111's l* is loosened the grip of said hars 1 upon standard A is released and the supportingr-wheel ll may he raised or lowered, thus permitting t he shovel it to run deep or shallow, as ma he desired. \Yhen the nut is again. tightened, the parts will he rigidly seeured in their adjusted position. Similarly, when the nut on the elampiuwholt whieh passes through lower ends of the handle-plates h is loosened, the handle 0 may he raised or lowered and secured at any desired position to suit the operator. It will also he seen that by ditterent square holes in the 001111 eetin g-hars F and in the lmndle plates G prevent the bolts from turning when the nuts are being turned.

The 111aehine is light, weighingonly about fifteen pounds. Being almost wholly (1on1- posed of metal, it is perfectly rigitfl, and will not shrink 11p and get riekety, and is far more durahle than wood. Being mainly composed of castings and. heing so constructed that nearly all the holes may he termed in castings, thus avoiding the necessity of drilling, it is very easily and cheaply constructed.

What I elaim, and desire to seeure hv 'Letters Patent, is-

.1. The standard A, having the serrated 1 having serrated apertures at their rear ends in eomhination with the handle-plates (l, titted to span the handle, and provided and the ehunping-holts, suhstautially as shown and deserihed.

2. The eomhilnttion, in a ln'uid-plow, of the standard having, the apertures at; its upper eud,with the s11pporting-wheel, the connect- Th e iug-hars having their rear ends adjustahly seeured to the standard, the handle adjustahly seenred to the st andard, and the clamp ing-holts, all suhstantially as set forth and. deserihed.

l'n testhnouy whereof I at'tix my signature in preseuee of two witnesses.

PEJE R D Uh. LA P GR A I lA M \Vitnesses:

BEN. (:lUsnnt, C. CISSEL. 

